Answer
In this context, euthyroidism refers to the amount of hormone present.
The term “goiter” simply refers to the abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland. It is important to know that the presence of a goiter does not necessarily mean that the thyroid gland is malfunctioning. A goiter can occur in a gland that is producing too much hormone (hyperthyroidism), too little hormone (hypothyroidism), or the correct amount of hormone (euthyroidism). A goiter indicates there is a condition present which is causing the thyroid to grow abnormally.
See also here and here for more of the same info.
ETA: According to this:
Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLT), also known as Hashimoto thyroiditis, is an autoimmune, inflammatory process that causes up to 55% to 65% of all euthyroid goitres...
Although, as the link I already gave above state, regular ol' iodine deficiency can still cause euthyroid goiter.
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