Sunday 20 May 2018

zoology - Why are cancer rates low in large animals?



Large animals generally have more cells and live longer than smaller animals. For example, bowhead whales live up to 200 years and weigh up to 100 tonnes, as opposed to humans (living ~71 years and weigh ~75 kg) and mice (10–25 g, <1 year in the wild). Hence, whales have an immense number of cells and those cells are subjected to environmental carcinogenic influences (chemicals, UV) for a longer period of time.


Cancer is caused by random mutations and those random mutations are basically stochastic processes. Given their long life span and larger number of cells, shouldn't larger animals have a substantially higher chance to develop cancer? In fact, story goes that bowhead whales in fact only very rarely contract cancer, and less so compared to humans?




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